Causes of the Civil War
Consitiution:
- Freedom for all white males
- Separation of Church and State
- Rights
Houses of Congress:
- House of Representatives
*435 voting members of the House of Rep. (Some non-voting)
*Number per state based on population - higher population means more representatives, lower population has fewer
*Southern states wanted blacks to count as part of population - 3/5ths of slaves counted toward population
- Senate
*100 senators - 2 from each state a.k.a. "Equal Representation"

USA included only territory east of Mississippi River. Nothing in constitution included gaining new territory
1803 Louisina Purchase - Can slavery expand into the new western territory?

Economic Regions:
- North - Industrialization (Cities, high population)
- South - Agriculture, Plantations (Cotton, non-food, farmland, lower population)
- West - Agriculture (Food, livestock, farmland, lower population)

Hamilton and Jefferson
*Members of Washington Cabinet

-Hamilton -
Believed in industrialization
Supported federal gov't power
From industrial North
-Jefferson -
Believed in agriculture, farming
Supported individual state rights
From agricultural/plantation South

STATES RIGHTS vs THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT:
Slavery-
Economic issue:
-South depended on slavery, North did not, therefore southern part of Louisiana Territory was pro-slavery and northern part was not
Political issue (congress):
-Congress controlled economy, taxes, etc.
-Senate's equal representation was important
-Maine and Missouri became states in 1820 - Missouri Compromise
-Missouri had met all requirements and wanted to become a state
-Missouri being a slave state would mean unequal representation in Senate between slave vs. non-slave states
-Mason-Dixon line dividing north and south (non-slave and slave) was drawn at southern border of Missouri
Moral issue:
-Economy would collapse if slavery was abolished

1848 - Gained ALL of Southwestern US Territory in the Mexican-American War